Pay special attention to asymptomatic infected people 重视无症状感染者

2020-04-02 03:24:16 source: Ding Xiang Doctor


Previously, some asymptomatic infected people in some areas were tested positive for COVID-19 during quarantine, causing controversy over the practice that "asymptomatic infected people are not viewed as confirmed cases".


Will asymptomatic infected people become sources of infection?

 

What is an asymptomatic infection?

 

Asymptomatic infected people refers to those who do not show clinical symptoms (such as fever, fatigue, and pneumonia) but are tested positive in throat swab virus nucleic acid test.

 

Healthy people also carry all kinds of bacteria and viruses, but they are not necessarily sick, while asymptomatic infected people are those carrying COVID-19.


Am I asymptomatic?


Not all healthy people need to be suspicious.

 

In short, if you have not contacted patients or visited epidemic areas within 14 days, you need not worry too much.

 

Is asymptomatic infection contagious?

 

Asymptomatic infection is contagious.

 

"COVID-19 Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Version 7)" issued by National Health Commission said: "The source of infection so far is mainly COVID-19 infected patients. Asymptomatic infected people may also become sources of infection.”


Under the current situation in China, most people will not contact infected patients, so asymptomatic infected people have become the focus of epidemic prevention.


On March 30, the central government requested to carry out prevention and control of asymptomatic infected people, quarantine and medically manage them, and make public related information.


Are there a large number of asymptomatic infected people?


Unfortunately, we do not know. Although many teams at home and abroad have estimated the proportion of asymptomatic infected people through data modeling, the specific figures are still controversial.


Academician Zhong Nanshan said in an interview: "At present, we know very little about the situation of "asymptomatic infected people” in China. We have neither specific figures nor detailed studies. However, based on the known facts, some inferences can be made.


Generally speaking, the infection rate of asymptomatic infected people to people in close contact with them is very high. However, the number of newly diagnosed cases in China has not increased recently. On the contrary, it is continuously decreasing. From this fact, we can reach the conclusion that there are not so many "asymptomatic infected people" in China.

 

Why are asymptomatic infected people not viewed as confirmed patients?

 

In the early morning of March 22, the Wuhan municipal government refuted the online news that "there are new confirmed cases in Kangcheng district of Lishui, Wuhan". Investigation shows that Zhang, a resident of the community, is asymptomatic and not viewed as a confirmed patient. The practice of not viewing asymptomatic affected people as confirmed patients have caused disputes on the Internet.


Health Commission of Wuhan responded that according to the 7th edition of the COVID-19 Diagnosis and Treatment Plan issued by the National Health Commission, suspected and confirmed cases should show clinical symptoms. If asymptomatic infected people show symptoms during quarantine, they will be viewed as confirmed patients and made public.


"From the perspective of clinical medicine, this should not be controversial, because patients and asymptomatic infected people are two different concepts because the latter is infected with pathogens without showing symptoms and their physiological indicators are normal, So they should be viewed as healthy people. Those who have shown symptoms should be viewed as patients.

 

However, from the perspective of immunology and etiology, the infected and uninfected are definitely different, because the former is source of infection, while the latter is a susceptible population.

 

According to the information released by the Wuhan municipal government, the infected people in Kangcheng district of Lishui, Wuhan, tested negative for the first time, positive for the second time and negative for the third time.

 

As for the test result, a virologist said: "I think the second positive result is false positive because of the high sensitivity of the nucleic acid test. The second and third sample collection was done on the same day and are both negative results, which confirms that the second positive result was a false positive. Therefore, it is correct not to view the patient as a confirmed patient. The result is scientific and will not affect epidemic prevention and control. An accurate test can reduce the waste of medical resources and the risk of nosocomial infection of infected people.

 

What should we do?  


Ordinary people should be cautious about potential asymptomatic infection people. But they do not have to worry excessively.

 

If you have been in contact with infected people or visited areas suffering severe epidemic, please quarantine yourself and do some tests in accordance with local regulations.

 

If you haven’t, you just need to adopt some routine protection measures such as washing hands frequently and wearing masks when going out.


此前,部分地区的无症状感染者因为在隔离期间被检出病毒核酸检测阳性,让「无症状感染者不按照确诊病例进行统计」引发争议。


无症状感染会不会成为人群中的地雷?


什么是无症状感染者?


所谓无症状感染者,即没有感染新冠病毒的临床症状(如发热、乏力、肺炎等)但咽拭子病毒核酸检测阳性的患者。健康人身上也会携带各类细菌病毒,但不一定会生病,而无症状感染者则是携带新冠病毒的人群。


我是不是无症状感染者?


不是每个健康人都需要自我怀疑。

 

简单来说,如果你 14 天内没有接触过患者、到访过疫区,那么并不需要过分担心。

 

无症状感染者有传染性吗?


无症状感染者有传染性。根据卫健委发布的《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》,其中提到了:「目前所见传染源主要是新型冠状病毒感染的患者。无症状感染者也可能成为传染源。」

 

对于国内现在的情况,大多数人接触到确诊患者可能性已经很小,无症状感染者自然成为了防疫的重点。

 

3月30日,中央要求突出做好无症状感染者防控。对于无症状感染者,也要严格集中隔离和医学管理,并做好信息公开。


人群中无症状感染者多吗?

 

很遗憾,现在并没有答案。尽管国内外已有许多团队通过数据建模的方式对无症状感染者比例进行计算估计,但具体数值却一直存在着争议。 

 

钟南山院士在接受采访的时候表示:「关于中国国内『无症状感染者』的情况,目前了解得很有限:既没有具体数字,也未有详尽研究。但是根据已知的事实,也可以做出一些推断。


比如:一般来说,无症状感染者对与其密切接触的人的传染率很高,但是中国近期新冠肺炎新确诊病例数不仅没有上升,反而在不断下降,这可以说明:中国还没有大量的『无症状感染者』。」 


为何无症状感染者不纳入确诊病例?

 

3 月 22 日凌晨,武汉市政府对网传「武汉丽水康城小区有新增病例」的消息进行辟谣。经查,小区居民张某某为无症状感染者,不计入确诊病例,这一「无症状感染者不纳入确诊病例」的做法引发了网络争议。


对此,武汉卫健委回应称,根据国家卫健委发布的第七版诊疗方案,疑似及确诊病例需具备临床表现。如果无症状感染者在隔离期间出现了症状,则将其作为确诊病例报告并公布。


「从这个临床医学的定义上来看,这应该是不存在争议的,因为患者和无症状感染者是两个不同的概念,无症状感染者只是感染了病原体但没有发病。」并且生理指标都正常,「仍属于健康人范畴,患者则是已经出现症状的人。


但从免疫学和病原学的角度来看,感染者和未感染者肯定是不同的,因为感染者属于传染源,没有感染病毒的人则属于易感人群。」


根据武汉政府公布的情况通报,武汉丽水康城小区中的感染者第一次新冠病毒核酸检测结果为阴性,第二次为阳性,第三次为阴性。


对于这一检测结果,一位病毒学专家说:「我认为第二次的阳性结果为假阳性,是由于核酸检测的高敏感性的特性导致的;第三次标本采集和第二次标本采集在同一天,都是阴性结果,也证实了第二次检测是假阳性。因此,当地不将这名患者计入确诊病例是正确的,结果判断是科学的,不会对疫情防控有影响。


相反,准确的判断能够有效减少对医疗资源的浪费,也能降低感染者自身院内感染的风险。


我们该怎么应对?


对于普通人来说,面对潜在的无症状感染者群体,既要保持警惕,也要避免过度焦虑。

 

如果你有接触过感染者或到访过疫情较重的地区,请配合当地的政策做好隔离、检测等。 

 

如果你没有以上的情况,只要日常做好防护:勤洗手、戴口罩等,就足够了。


 



(Executive Editor: Ye Ke)

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11841869 Pay special attention to asymptomatic infected people 重视无症状感染者 public html

Previously, some asymptomatic infected people in some areas were tested positive for COVID-19 during quarantine, causing controversy over the practice that "asymptomatic infected people are not viewed as confirmed cases".


Will asymptomatic infected people become sources of infection?

 

What is an asymptomatic infection?

 

Asymptomatic infected people refers to those who do not show clinical symptoms (such as fever, fatigue, and pneumonia) but are tested positive in throat swab virus nucleic acid test.

 

Healthy people also carry all kinds of bacteria and viruses, but they are not necessarily sick, while asymptomatic infected people are those carrying COVID-19.


Am I asymptomatic?


Not all healthy people need to be suspicious.

 

In short, if you have not contacted patients or visited epidemic areas within 14 days, you need not worry too much.

 

Is asymptomatic infection contagious?

 

Asymptomatic infection is contagious.

 

"COVID-19 Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Version 7)" issued by National Health Commission said: "The source of infection so far is mainly COVID-19 infected patients. Asymptomatic infected people may also become sources of infection.”


Under the current situation in China, most people will not contact infected patients, so asymptomatic infected people have become the focus of epidemic prevention.


On March 30, the central government requested to carry out prevention and control of asymptomatic infected people, quarantine and medically manage them, and make public related information.


Are there a large number of asymptomatic infected people?


Unfortunately, we do not know. Although many teams at home and abroad have estimated the proportion of asymptomatic infected people through data modeling, the specific figures are still controversial.


Academician Zhong Nanshan said in an interview: "At present, we know very little about the situation of "asymptomatic infected people” in China. We have neither specific figures nor detailed studies. However, based on the known facts, some inferences can be made.


Generally speaking, the infection rate of asymptomatic infected people to people in close contact with them is very high. However, the number of newly diagnosed cases in China has not increased recently. On the contrary, it is continuously decreasing. From this fact, we can reach the conclusion that there are not so many "asymptomatic infected people" in China.

 

Why are asymptomatic infected people not viewed as confirmed patients?

 

In the early morning of March 22, the Wuhan municipal government refuted the online news that "there are new confirmed cases in Kangcheng district of Lishui, Wuhan". Investigation shows that Zhang, a resident of the community, is asymptomatic and not viewed as a confirmed patient. The practice of not viewing asymptomatic affected people as confirmed patients have caused disputes on the Internet.


Health Commission of Wuhan responded that according to the 7th edition of the COVID-19 Diagnosis and Treatment Plan issued by the National Health Commission, suspected and confirmed cases should show clinical symptoms. If asymptomatic infected people show symptoms during quarantine, they will be viewed as confirmed patients and made public.


"From the perspective of clinical medicine, this should not be controversial, because patients and asymptomatic infected people are two different concepts because the latter is infected with pathogens without showing symptoms and their physiological indicators are normal, So they should be viewed as healthy people. Those who have shown symptoms should be viewed as patients.

 

However, from the perspective of immunology and etiology, the infected and uninfected are definitely different, because the former is source of infection, while the latter is a susceptible population.

 

According to the information released by the Wuhan municipal government, the infected people in Kangcheng district of Lishui, Wuhan, tested negative for the first time, positive for the second time and negative for the third time.

 

As for the test result, a virologist said: "I think the second positive result is false positive because of the high sensitivity of the nucleic acid test. The second and third sample collection was done on the same day and are both negative results, which confirms that the second positive result was a false positive. Therefore, it is correct not to view the patient as a confirmed patient. The result is scientific and will not affect epidemic prevention and control. An accurate test can reduce the waste of medical resources and the risk of nosocomial infection of infected people.

 

What should we do?  


Ordinary people should be cautious about potential asymptomatic infection people. But they do not have to worry excessively.

 

If you have been in contact with infected people or visited areas suffering severe epidemic, please quarantine yourself and do some tests in accordance with local regulations.

 

If you haven’t, you just need to adopt some routine protection measures such as washing hands frequently and wearing masks when going out.


此前,部分地区的无症状感染者因为在隔离期间被检出病毒核酸检测阳性,让「无症状感染者不按照确诊病例进行统计」引发争议。


无症状感染会不会成为人群中的地雷?


什么是无症状感染者?


所谓无症状感染者,即没有感染新冠病毒的临床症状(如发热、乏力、肺炎等)但咽拭子病毒核酸检测阳性的患者。健康人身上也会携带各类细菌病毒,但不一定会生病,而无症状感染者则是携带新冠病毒的人群。


我是不是无症状感染者?


不是每个健康人都需要自我怀疑。

 

简单来说,如果你 14 天内没有接触过患者、到访过疫区,那么并不需要过分担心。

 

无症状感染者有传染性吗?


无症状感染者有传染性。根据卫健委发布的《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》,其中提到了:「目前所见传染源主要是新型冠状病毒感染的患者。无症状感染者也可能成为传染源。」

 

对于国内现在的情况,大多数人接触到确诊患者可能性已经很小,无症状感染者自然成为了防疫的重点。

 

3月30日,中央要求突出做好无症状感染者防控。对于无症状感染者,也要严格集中隔离和医学管理,并做好信息公开。


人群中无症状感染者多吗?

 

很遗憾,现在并没有答案。尽管国内外已有许多团队通过数据建模的方式对无症状感染者比例进行计算估计,但具体数值却一直存在着争议。 

 

钟南山院士在接受采访的时候表示:「关于中国国内『无症状感染者』的情况,目前了解得很有限:既没有具体数字,也未有详尽研究。但是根据已知的事实,也可以做出一些推断。


比如:一般来说,无症状感染者对与其密切接触的人的传染率很高,但是中国近期新冠肺炎新确诊病例数不仅没有上升,反而在不断下降,这可以说明:中国还没有大量的『无症状感染者』。」 


为何无症状感染者不纳入确诊病例?

 

3 月 22 日凌晨,武汉市政府对网传「武汉丽水康城小区有新增病例」的消息进行辟谣。经查,小区居民张某某为无症状感染者,不计入确诊病例,这一「无症状感染者不纳入确诊病例」的做法引发了网络争议。


对此,武汉卫健委回应称,根据国家卫健委发布的第七版诊疗方案,疑似及确诊病例需具备临床表现。如果无症状感染者在隔离期间出现了症状,则将其作为确诊病例报告并公布。


「从这个临床医学的定义上来看,这应该是不存在争议的,因为患者和无症状感染者是两个不同的概念,无症状感染者只是感染了病原体但没有发病。」并且生理指标都正常,「仍属于健康人范畴,患者则是已经出现症状的人。


但从免疫学和病原学的角度来看,感染者和未感染者肯定是不同的,因为感染者属于传染源,没有感染病毒的人则属于易感人群。」


根据武汉政府公布的情况通报,武汉丽水康城小区中的感染者第一次新冠病毒核酸检测结果为阴性,第二次为阳性,第三次为阴性。


对于这一检测结果,一位病毒学专家说:「我认为第二次的阳性结果为假阳性,是由于核酸检测的高敏感性的特性导致的;第三次标本采集和第二次标本采集在同一天,都是阴性结果,也证实了第二次检测是假阳性。因此,当地不将这名患者计入确诊病例是正确的,结果判断是科学的,不会对疫情防控有影响。


相反,准确的判断能够有效减少对医疗资源的浪费,也能降低感染者自身院内感染的风险。


我们该怎么应对?


对于普通人来说,面对潜在的无症状感染者群体,既要保持警惕,也要避免过度焦虑。

 

如果你有接触过感染者或到访过疫情较重的地区,请配合当地的政策做好隔离、检测等。 

 

如果你没有以上的情况,只要日常做好防护:勤洗手、戴口罩等,就足够了。


 



(Executive Editor: Ye Ke)

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people;感染者;confirmed;viewed;positive;tested;patients;quarantine;cases;controversy